Computer Programs for Mining

Information technology (IT) have changed the way we live and work. Mining is no exception. Application of IT in mining is represented in the processing and data management, using software packages for 3D design, modeling and integration of spatial databases with application of the results. In contemporary practice the application of mining computer program is significantly expanded and can be concluded that the computer aided design has become a common way of developing mining projects. Developed as a professional software packages for the general mining applications, specialized software packages for optimization of surface or underground exploitation and specific purpose software packages for analyzing problems related to the design of mines or design of exploitation technology.The traditional methods for designing and modeling of open pits and underground mines, are based on manual calculations of mining parameters and manual graphic interpretation of maps, contour surface mine, landfill, dump sites. The basis of this method is a long time for data processing and design of optimal solutions, which significantly complicates the work.

Internet Download Manager

Internet Download Manager (IDM) is a tool to increase download speeds by up to 5 times, resume and schedule downloads. Comprehensive error recovery and resume capability will restart broken or interrupted downloads due to lost connections, network problems, computer shutdowns, or unexpected power outages. Simple graphic user interface makes IDM user friendly and easy to use. Internet Download Manager has a smart download logic accelerator that features intelligent dynamic file segmentation and safe multi-part downloading technology to accelerate your downloads. Unlike other download managers and accelerators Internet Download Manager segments downloaded files dynamically during download process and reuses available connections without additional connect and login stages to achieve best acceleration performance. Internet Download Manager supports proxy servers, ftp and http protocols, firewalls, redirects, cookies, authorization, MP3 audio and MPEG video content processing. IDM integrates seamlessly into Microsoft Internet Explorer, Netscape, MSN Explorer, AOL, Opera, Mozilla, Mozilla Firefox, Mozilla Firebird, Avant Browser, MyIE2, and all other popular browsers to automatically handle your downloads.

Water Treatment

Water is essential for everyday life. It is very vital for health, hygiene and the productivity of our community. The raw (untreated) water that are the sources of drinking water supplies are usually treated by a series of processes to make them adequately safe for human consumption. The objective is to produce water that is chemically safe, free of harmful microbes, pleasant to drink with respect to odour, taste and appearance and non-corrosive towards pipes and fittings. The quality of drinking water and water used for food production is subject to the provisions of the EC Drinking Water Directive 1998. The water treatment process may vary slightly at different locations, depending on the technology of the plant and the water it needs to process, but the basic principles are largely the same. The first process in water treatment is screening in which debris such as leaves, plant fragments and other foreign material that are suspended beneath the raw water are removed by passing the water through a series of coarse meshes. Micro strainers remove fine solids by passage through a fine steel or plastic mesh.

Mineral Exploration

Mineral exploration is the process of searching for and locating the existence of one or more economic ore deposits by geophysical, geochemical or superficial methods. The search for mineral deposits is nothing more than a step-by-step organized process, with every stage moving towards the capturing and evaluation of the mineral being sought. Mineral exploration methods vary at different stages depending on the area being explored, the type of deposit, the type of information required and socio economic factors. Area selection is the first process in mineral exploration as it is the terrain or geological region that will make very easy to find ore deposits. In order to know where particular ore deposits exists in the area, the theories of ore genesis and their occurrences are applied. The use of geophysical, geochemical and subsurface geology in the target generation phase of mineral exploration is inevitable. The target generation stage involves the remote sensing and geochemical methods. Aerial photographs are used to provide information about the terrain such as vegetation, regolith, tracks and trails and habitation. The purpose of geochemistry in mineral exploration is to determine the anomalous zones in the mineral deposit and elements associated with the mineral being explored.

The Entire Computer System

Computers come in many varieties from from the tiny computers built into household appliances to the astounding supercomputers that have helped scientists map the human genome. But no matter how big or how it is used, every, every computer belongs to a system. A computer system consists of four parts namely hardware, software, data and user. The mechanical or physical devices that make up a computer are called hardware. Hardware is any part of the computer that you can touch or feel. A computer’s hardware consists of interconnected electronic devices that you can use to control the computer’s operation, input and output. The generic term device thus refers to any piece of hardware. Software is a step-by-step set of instructions that tells the computer what to do. In order words, software makes the computer perform tasks. The term program refers to any piece of software. Some programs exist primarily for computer’s use to aid in its perfomance of tasks and manage its own resources. Other types of programs exists for the user enabling them to perform tasks, creating documents, images, videos and even writing another software program.

Binary data of a computer

A computer is really nothing more than a series of switches. Each switch exists in two states: on or off. Storing information in a computer is simply a matter of setting a sequence of switches on or off. If the switch is on, its value is 1. If the switch is off, its value is 0. These 0s and 1s are interpreted as digits in the binary number system and are called bits (binary digits). The minimum storage unit in a computer is a byte. A byte is composed of eight bits.  A small number such as 3 can be stored as a single byte. To store a number that cannot fit into a single byte, the computer uses several bytes. Data of various kinds, such as numbers and characters, are encoded as a series of bytes automatically by the computer based on an encoding scheme. An encoding scheme is a set of rules that govern how a computer translates characters, numbers, and symbols into data the computer can actually work with. Most schemes translate each character into predetermined strings of bits. In the popular ASCII encoding scheme, for example, the character C is represented as 01000011 in one byte.

Microsoft Windows

Windows OS, computer operating system (OS) developed by Microsoft Corporation to run personal computers (PCs). Featuring the first graphical user interface (GUI) for IBM-compatible PCs, the Windows OS soon dominated the PC market. Approximately 90 percent of PCs run some version of Windows. The first version of Windows, released in 1985, was simply a GUI offered as an extension of Microsoft’s existing disk operating system, or MS-DOS. Based in part on licensed concepts that Apple Inc. had used for its Macintosh System Software, Windows for the first time allowed DOS users to visually navigate a virtual desktop, opening graphical “windows” displaying the contents of electronic folders and files with the click of a mouse button, rather than typing commands and directory paths at a text prompt. Subsequent versions introduced greater functionality, including native Windows File Manager, Program Manager, and Print Manager programs, and a more dynamic interface. Microsoft also developed specialized Windows packages, including the networkable Windows for Workgroups and the high-powered Windows NT, aimed at businesses. The 1995 consumer release Windows 95 fully integrated Windows and DOS and offered built-in Internet support, including the World Wide Web browser Internet Explorer.

Classes of Computers

As we interact with computers, we observe that computers vary in sizes, logic and purposes and this has led to another classification of computers. Based on size and capacity, Supercomputers are the largest and expensive computers in the world. They are housed in large rooms as refrigerator-sized machines and require high skill personnel to operate them. Many supercomputers have several processors that aid in the performing complex tasks. The mainframe computers are the second largest computers and cost lesser than the supercomputers. Mainframe computers can meet the needs of many users at the same time. Users are able to access its resources by means of a device called terminal. Minicomputers have their size and capability between a mainframe and personal computer hence referred to as mid-range computers. They can handle a sustainable amount of data and its performance is better compared to personal PCs.